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In your academic journey, you must have heard about marksheets, report cards, academic certificates, records of achievements, grade cards, etc. if not transcripts. This is what an academic transcript is similar to.

Academic transcripts are official academic records with details of subjects studied along with grades and marks received in each subject and remarks. Whatever the term to use, institutions are looking for the same information in your course transcript. Transcript of records also provide details of the student, institution, course, subjects and grading system that are very important for admission evaluation.

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Now that we have a brief idea of what is transcript certificate let us dive deeper into its importance and meaning in India:

What is an Academic Transcript in India?

Let us throw some light on what is academic transcript in India? There are different names associated with educational transcripts in India, some of which are:

• Marksheets
• Academic Certificate
• Statement of Learning
• Cumulative Record File (CRF)
• Record of Achievement
• Transcript of Records (TOR)
• Grade Card
• Diploma Supplement
• Report Card
• Mark List

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What Does an Academic Transcript Contain?

After answering- what is transcript, let us also tell you what exactly does an academic transcript contains. An academic transcript of degree usually consists of the following:

1. Name of the Academic University/ Institution
2. Accreditation
3. Name of Student
4. Name of Student’s parents
5. Date of Birth
6. Year of graduating
7. Roll Number of Student
8. Name of Degree
9. Duration of Course Taken
10. List of Courses
11. Marks/grades obtained in all courses
12. Total Aggregate of the Marks/Grades

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Now that you are aware of academic transcript meaning, let us also make you familiar with Transcript of Records or ToR. A ToR contains information about all the courses taken by a student, number of credits, and exams passed. The transcript of records also contains information on your grades, and the duration of the courses taken.

Why is a Transcript of Records Needed?

Now that we understand the transcript certificate meaning, let us see why a transcript of records is needed before discussing how to get a transcript certificate:

• Transcripts provide legitimate information about the academic history of the student.
• Transcripts also contain details of the grading scale which vary a lot for different countries.
• Universities use transcripts to convert your results according to their education system and process them for admissions.

To have a better understanding of what is an academic transcript, let us see the features of a standard transcript of degree:

Now that we know what is an academic transcript, let us see what an academic transcript looks like and what information it consists of:

• Institution name
• Institution address, city, state and country
• Address of the institution
• Accreditation held by the institution
• Name of the student
• Unique student ID number
• Name of the student’s parent
• Date of birth of the student
• Name of degree earned
• List of subjects taken
• Duration of the course
• Date and year of graduation
• Marks or grades earned in each subject
• Consolidated marks or grades earned in the course

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If you know well what is a transcript, and are familiar with academic transcript meaning; you need not stress about sending the right documents to universities for different courses. Because universities clearly specify what they require and it is usually transcripts from the most recent qualifications earned.

Now that we have discussed why a transcript of records is needed, here’s which transcripts are needed for different courses:

• To apply for an undergraduate level program such as a bachelor’s degree, diploma, certificate, etc., you need to provide universities with high school transcripts showing academic records of secondary school education.
• If you are planning to apply for graduate degrees like master’s degree, graduate diploma among others, you will require what are transcripts from college or university attended.

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After getting to know what is academic transcript, let us move on to know about how to get hold of an academic transcript.

• Educational transcripts are considered official only when it has the official signature, stamp or seal of the school, college or university issuing it. Therefore, you can get an academic transcript from the institution where you have completed your studies. Once the institution releases transcripts, students are informed about the same and asked to collect it from the institution.
• If you are wondering how to send official transcripts to universities, there are different ways to do so depending on which country you are applying to. It can be sent to universities electronically that are sent through authorized channels, can be uploaded online through the university’s website or sent via mail.

Students often find themselves on crossroads in understanding the difference between transcript and marksheet. Discussed below is the difference between transcript and marksheet, certificate, diploma and degree:

A very common question among students applying for admission to universities outside India is, are transcripts and marksheets same?

Now that we know what is academic transcript in India, we can differentiate between a transcript and other documents of academic records such as marksheet, certificate, diploma and degree.

Difference Between Transcript and Marksheet

Marksheets is the most common term used for transcripts in India. The difference between transcript and consolidated marksheet is that you may have several marksheets for different years of education but all the information in these marksheets are represented in a transcript with information of the grading scale.

To complete a transcript of records, you need marksheets as well as a final degree transcript.

Difference Between Transcript and Certificate

University transcript are not different from certificates. Certificates are a part of the transcript as it contains compiled information of your previous degree.

In India, a certificate is awarded to a student who completes a degree program. There is a difference between transcript of degree and certificate and a degree certificate is not equivalent to a transcript.

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Difference Between Transcript and Diploma

While discussing what is an academic transcript, it was made clear that a transcript is an official document with complete academic information regarding the courses completed by a student.

Compared to this, a diploma in itself is an educational qualification and is included as a part of the transcript with details of the subjects studied, grades obtained, course duration, etc. This is the difference between transcript and diploma.

Difference Between Transcript and Degree

The difference between transcript and degree is that a degree certifies completion of an academic program while a transcript of degree is a proof of education that provides complete information regarding the degree including subjects studied, exams taken, grades, institution, etc.

As mentioned earlier, transcripts consist of complete information on your education including marks or grades received in your final exams. Therefore, it is among the last documents issued by institutions. Let us take a look at how final year students can get their degree transcript.

• You can ask your professor for transcripts only after the final exams are over.
• Since the admission timelines across different countries vary, sometimes it may not be possible to present the result transcript in time for admission because only a short time has passed after the exam. In such cases, universities accept interim transcripts with results from your most recent exams.
• Students in the final year can apply for provisional transcripts while waiting for the final transcripts. The provisional transcripts will be accepted by universities as proof of degree completion until the final degrees are awarded.

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Before concluding the discussion on what are transcripts from college, let us explore documents required for admission along with the result transcript of degree:

Another important document required to support academic transcripts is a backlog certificate. You will need one to show records of subjects with backlogs both cleared and uncleared.

There is a long list of documents that you must keep handy while applying to different universities and a transcript is only one of them. Students who have cleared the exam for all subjects will not receive a backlog certificate. However, some institutions may ask you to get a zero backlog certificate.

Having learned about what is an academic transcript and how to get transcript certificate, let us take a look at other documents required in the application process:

• Completed application form and application fee
• Transcript of records
• Backlog certificate
• English language proficiency test scores
• Entrance test scores such as SAT/ ACT/ GRE/ GMAT
• Statement of Purpose
• Letters of Recommendation
• CV
• Personal essay
• Copy of passport
• Financial documents

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We hope this blog helps you understand what is an academic transcript, how it is different from other academic documents, how to get transcript certificate and a lot more. The education system abroad varies a lot from India which is why it may seem burdensome to apply to universities abroad.

Universities across the world are looking for the same information and the only thing you need to be bothered about is sending accurate information to the university in a timely manner.

One of the best ways to meet university deadlines is to organise all your documents beforehand and be aware of any missing information so that you can make necessary arrangements.

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